Japan and Globalization - 963 Words

Japan, home of some of the largest multinational technology corporations in the world, has been influenced in myriad ways through globalization. The effects of globalization on Japan provide valuable insights into the transformation of Japanese society. Global processes have increased wages and homelessness, strengthened environmental management programs, shifted governance towards regionalism, and threatened linguistic diversity in Japan. Numerous studies on Japan’s economy provide both the positive and negative effects of globalization. Nakamura (2013) used Japanese wage censuses from 1998, 2000, and 2002 to explore the effects of inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on the wages of Japanese workers in manufacturing†¦show more content†¦86). Many politicians and economists regard neoliberalism as the key to national economic growth. Japan’s move towards neoliberalism-orientated regionalism follows the current trends of globalization. The use of English in Japanese society challenges the traditional view of English as a lingua franca. Kubota and McKay (2009) investigated the role of English in Hasu (a pseudonym), a small Japanese community with non-English-speaking immigrants from Brazil, China, Peru, Korea, Thailand, and other countries, by evaluating the results of a community survey on diversity and interviewing five Japanese individuals (p. 593). They found that an attachment to English could reinforce the superiority of native speakers and deprive English learners of their willingness to communicate with others in other languages (Kubota McKay, 2009, p. 612). The process of globalization entails the interconnectedness of people across the world. In this instance, the use of English acts as a boundary to cultural and linguistic understanding and divides people instead of connecting them together. Seargeant (2005) finds that the influx of loanwords and the decorative use of English in media and advertising act s as a boundary between Japan and the world because of its unfamiliar use (p. 318). Japan has essentially co-opted English and transformed it into a language that native English speakers find strange. The proliferation of EnglishShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of Globalization on Japan630 Words   |  3 Pages I will analyze the effects of globalization on Japan’s culture, worldview, population, environment, and environment. I will consider both the direct and indirect effects of globalization on Japan’s native and foreign inhabitants. My analysis will not be restricted to any specific geographic region of Japan; I will highlight issues that have widespread implications across Japan’s myriad prefectures. By merging two datasets from 2000, Cole, Elliot, and Shimamoto measured fourteen indicators ofRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy Of Japan992 Words   |  4 PagesDean and Guevara, 2001 Reshaping the economy of Japan was characterised by the growth of non-regular employees, workforce diversity and the decaying life-long employment system. Renaissance of global labour movement was strongly supported by Japanese Trade Union Movement. Strategic interference of the union is dominant in developing industries of Information Technology and tele communications. Japan exercises influence on the developing countries of Asia. Availability of cheap labour in Asia implementedRead MorePG Japan: the Sk-Ii Globalization Project1692 Words   |  7 Pagesfactors that need to be considered when deciding recommendations to the GLT of SK-II. Being that this is PG’s first proposal to build a Japanese brand worldwide, it is important to take into consideration different cultures than of the consumers in Japan. Since 2005, PGs global organization has been in the middle of a restructuring program, which can sometimes cause a disruption to the normal functions of the company. Local managers resisted the surfacing of new products based on the possibleRead MorePG Japan: Sk-Ii Globalization1032 Words   |  5 Pagesdecision on current resources and capabilities to effectively maintain profitability. In analyzing the three options of Chinese expansion, European roll-out, and further growth of Japanese market, PG should continue to concentrate its efforts in Japan to further penetrate and grow its share (only 3% of a $10 billion beauty market). There are a number of factors under consideration when analyzing and weighing business opportunities for each of the three markets. In the first stage of this analysisRead MorePG Japan the Sk-Ii Globalization Project2059 Words   |  9 PagesGMBA 5075 International Management Case 5-2 - Pamp;G Japan: The SK-II Globalization Project Group Report Due date: 12/03/12 By: Wendy Rodriguez Francisco Oliveira Francisco Andujar Yichen Li Intro: This case describes how SK-II which is a fast-growing skin care product is becoming very popular with a price to match its performance. After being introduced in Hong Kong and in Taiwan, Pamp;G believes that this brand has a strong global potential. At the conclusion of this case, theRead MorePG Japan the Sk-Ii Globalization Project3489 Words   |  14 PagesPG Japan: The SK-II Globalization Project When looking at the archetype of PG it can be seen that it is an Multi Centred MNE. Which consists of a set of entrepreneurial subsidiaries abroad which are key to knowledge-based FSA development. National responsiveness is the foundation of the international strategy. The non-location bound FSAs that hold these firms together are minimal: common financial governance and the identity and specific business interest of the founders or main owners. LaterRead MoreEssay on GLT task1887 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is globalization? Globalization, â€Å"refers to processes of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture† (Merriam-Webster, 2014). Since the 1980’s the impact of globalization has been on the rise. Western cultures are bringing about new ways of culture while indigenous people are modifying their traditional ways to western civilization. I will be discussing two non-western cultures and the effects of globalization. TheRead MoreCross Culture Perspectives: Wal-Mart924 Words   |  4 Pagesinternationally as well, touching base in countries such as Japan and China. It is a popular supercenter that is located worldwide. Wal-Mart is the largest retailer and the largest company in the history of the world due to globalization and this due to the way they conduct business operations. Wal-Mart management has implement ways to overcom e the challenges that are presented the ethical and social responsibilities in regards to globalization. This paper will present a breakdown analysis onRead MoreDoes Globalization Affect Our Culture Identity?845 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup or individuals, and globalization is a process between international nations, companies by international trade and investment. Culture identity and globalization are connected to each other because globalization has been developed remarkably throughout the past decants, so as the result globalization has been impacted each and every single cultures and nation. Therefore we as human would started to think does globalization threaten our culture identity. Globalization makes our life more convenientRead MoreGloalization and Its Effect on Non- Western Cultures758 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is globalization and what affect does this have on Non-Western cultures? Merrim-Websters dictionary defines globalization as, â€Å"the development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free trade, free flow of capital, and the tappi ng of cheaper foreign labor markets†. When identifying the pieces of globalization, outsourcing may be the first thing that comes to mind. However, globalization and modernization are larger than outsourcing alone. In this paper we will

The Government Has Changed Society - 943 Words

Theresse Weigand-Watkinson Bethany Gallant and Stacy Vocasek English 10-5 16 December 2015 The Positive Government Did you know that the government has helped over 306,804,000 (Jeffrey) people and families just from the last four years alone? Since 1789, the government has been finding ways to try and help citizens deal with poverty and other economic crisis’. From creating the Constitution and abolishing slavery, the government has started to create programs to help certain people and families overcome other rising issues. The government has been successful in creating these programs that support the needs of the citizens who require them. People would suggest that the government has affected society in a negative way but, different credibilities would beg to differ. The government has influenced society in a positive way by creating programs such as Supplemental Security Income (SSI), General Public Assistance (GPA) and Social Security to help citizens conquer poverty. In the 1930s, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected as our 32nd president. One of his first acts as president was, he sent 15 major bills to congress to try and pick up the mess that our previous president, Herbert Hoover, left for us (Glencoe The American Vision 652). One of those major bills were Social Security, Social Security includes programs within itself as well. Such as, the Supplemental Security Income Act. The Supplemental Security Income Act has helped over a thousands of people who are blind,Show MoreRelatedThe Patriot Act Of 2001782 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Constitution. Similarly to Nixon’s presidency, this changed American society because it caused people to seriously question the motives and the actions of the government, as well as divide the country racially. Furthermore, Bush’s alterations to the extension of the executive branch were so expansive and so obvious to the public that many people wondered if the government was getting too out of control and was actually damaging to society. For example, the Patriot Act filtered through every levelRead MoreThe History and Definition of Democracy742 Words   |  3 Pagesas, A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives (Oxford, 2014). In other words the population of a nation or land participates in the government. This participation is typically done by elections. Democracy has changed throughout history. In the past the population is the government; today most often the people will appoint individuals to represent them. Each of these styles of government has an unique way of dividingRead MoreAustralia: 1700 to Present1557 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical, social, and economic continuities and changes in Australia from 1700 AD to the present. While Australia has politically gained independence since the 1700’s, their ethnicities have shifted to create a socially diverse country as they remain closely tied with the rest of the world in regards to global trade. Since Britain used to rule Australia in the 1700’s, Australia since has had revolutions that granted them political independence from a larger ruling body. This provides freedom for allRead MoreThe Political System Of The United States1053 Words   |  5 PagesRoger Darlington has said that the United States is the most powerful nation on earth; politically, economically and militarily(1). Even though the U.S. is the second largest democracy in the world, India being the first, it is considered rare, compared to other systems in the world. Where did the founders of the U.S. get their ideas for the political system we have today? The U.S. political system is made up of many components and there are several factors the contributed to what the U.S. politicalRead MoreEnlightened Philosophers (John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Jean Jacques Rousseau)1495 Words   |  6 Pageshad a particular view of government, society, and its citizens and they were all passionate about their works. Locke (1632- 1704) was an English philosopher, his ideas had a great impact on the development of political philosophy and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential enlightenment thinkers. Montesquieu (1689- 1755) believed that all things were made up of laws that never changed. His most famous work, The Spirit of Laws, outlined his ideas on how government would work best. VoltaireRead MoreJohn Locke s Influence On The United States1162 Words   |  5 Pageswestern society, most notably t he United States. Locke’s ideas were crucial in the crafting of the United States Constitution and more importantly, the creation of American culture, both social, governmental, and economic. Locke was the inspiration for the three branch government system in America along with the representative democracy and the government acting as a third party to protect the rights of the people and to settle disputes. Economically, America is a highly commercial society with littleRead MoreShould Society Be Held Responsible For Their Own Health Outcomes?897 Words   |  4 Pageswrong actions, then that should affect how much the government or private parties pay for the person insurance. Lastly, I believe society should try to take the best care of us. I think that Americans should be held responsible for their own health outcomes. However, some illnesses that people may have could not be their fault. With that said, I do not think it is fair for someone to be held responsible if the risk factors cannot be changed. For instance, a person could develop heart diseaseRead MoreEssay on Internet On Modern Society898 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Internet on Modern Society In this day and age, the Internet is the new resource tool for the masses. It has changed the way we live in society and the way people interact with each other. As more and more people log on the Internet, it has undoubtedly changed the way people think and feel about each other and the world around us. When we begin to look at the ways it has changed society, we can clearly see many reasons to its assimilation into modern life. First, it has given people a new wayRead MoreEffects of Modernity922 Words   |  4 PagesThe old-traditional way of life has vanished for ever. Today only villages and some small towns remind us of this kind of life, and as time passes, more people choose to abandon traditional way of life, to move to the big city. Modern way of life has nothing in common with the traditional one. Human habits, values, norms have changed. The most important of these social changes can be observed in human relationships, family economy, education, government, health, and re ligion. To be able to examineRead MoreEssay Effects of Modernity909 Words   |  4 Pages The old-traditional way of life has vanished for ever. Today only villages and some small towns remind us of this kind of life, and as time passes, more people choose to abandon traditional way of life, to move to the â€Å"big city†. Modern way of life has nothing in common with the traditional one. Human habits, values, norms have changed. The most important of these social changes can be observed in human relationships, family economy, education, government, health, and religion. To be able to examine

Beautiful Disasters Pearl As A Living Breathing S Essay Example For Students

Beautiful Disasters: Pearl As A Living Breathing S Essay carlet LetterSometimes beauty is found in places as unexpected as a rosebush growing outside of a prison in a puritan colonial village. Pearl Prynne is an unearthly beautiful child with a wild spirit born under unimaginably sinful conditions, all of which are somehow related to the ideas, actions, and views of others on Hesters punishment. In Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter, Pearl serves as Hesters living, breathing Scarlet letter. Pearl evokes the same emotion and reactions from the townspeople, as does the scarlet letter. The people look at the slight sense of pride Hester has in her letter in the same way they look at the way Hester lets Pearl do whatever she wants. They feel Hester isnt fit to raise the child. The extremity of gossip from the females of the village in the beginning of the book is only matched by the amount that Pearls wild attitude stirs up later on. Hesters A is the example for all of what sin is. The A makes Hester much avoided and the parents tell their children to watch out for her. Theses same parents say the same things to their kids about avoiding Pearl, who is infamous for her uncontrollable behavior with her peers and other adults. Just as infamous as Hesters A for the wild sinful actions it symbolizes. We will write a custom essay on Beautiful Disasters: Pearl As A Living Breathing S specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Like Hesters scarlet letter, Pearl shows extreme beauty in a form that is not traditional, positive, tame, or fully accepted. When Hester crafts the A that she has to wear on her chest, She uses a deep, passionate shade of red and embroiders it very intricately with bright gold thread. The A was meant to mark Hester in a negative manor; its purpose is to let everyone know that Hester is a sinner. Hester takes something extremely negative and makes it appear as passionately beautiful. Hawthorne portrays Pearl in a very detailed specific manor, meant to put emphasis on the similarities between Pearl and the A. She is the symbol of Hesters sin but the tone that is used when referring to her makes her out to appear as a stunningly beautiful creature. The narrator states, There was a trait of passion, a certain depth of hue, which she never lost (). Even the adjectives he uses in describing Pearl suggest something color related (hue). There is a feeling of wildness and uncontrollably in P earls appearance; more specifically in her eyes. Pearls beauty has a splendor unlike that of any other child. Like the scarlet letter, Pearl serves as Hesters beautiful disaster. There are also many similarities between the relationship of Hester and Pearl and the relationship between Hester and her letter. Hester has no pride in the A on her chest, but even after she is not required to wear it, she keeps it on anyway. She shows this same attitude towards Pearl. Hester is not proud of her sin, but she understands the consequences of it and does not try to hide it from anyone. She couldve given the child up to the governor and had one less branding to worry about, but she fought for that child to stay under her care. She even goes so far as to dress Pearl up in a velvet dress of a deep shade of red when she takes her to the governors house. Hester consciously envisions Pearl as a living breathing scarlet A, running ahead with free spirit flying. She is proud of her child through it all. In conclusion, Pearl is born from and into sin but still manages to be portrayed as a pure entity. Her wildness and free spirit is something that was not inflicted by anyone but herself. She manages to embody so many things that come along with something like a symbol for adultery in a puritan society, but still holds onto the innocence of a child. It is just as rare that someone of such a young age is described as so passionately beautiful as is the use of the same description for something as negative as Hesters scarlet letter. Pearl is Hesters living, breathing, and inescapable Scarlet letter.

Capital Budgeting Process and Decision

Question: Discuss about the Capital Budgeting Process and Decision. Answer: Introduction For any company, success is determined by capital budgeting decisions. This is one of the decisive factors for the failure or success of a company. Financial managers are tasked with perhaps some of the most important decisions that affect the business (Capital Budgeting Valuation, 2013). However, it is important to note that there are several factors that combine to make decisions in capital budgeting these decisions continue for a number of years, thus, the decision makers or the managers are part of this flexible process. Since capital assets must be used when needed, then this makes opportunity a very important consideration in the capital budget. Capital budgeting process is important because expansion of assets implies very large expenditure. Before a company uses a very large amount of money on a project the managers should ensure that the company has sufficient available funds to finance the entire project. Two examples of capital budget decisions (Donovan, 2006). Capital Budgeting Process and Strategic Decisions Information required within the firm may vary in accordance to the level of organizational structure. Senior executives or CEOs decisions are structured less in the sense that there are no situations that are repetitive and subsequently no single solution can be applied; On the other hand, evaluation and assessment criteria and points of view should be known for each situation where the data is accurate and must come from subjective and external in uncertain and risky environments. Since it is not possible to determine and control all the variables or factors that affect a situation, it is that models are sought to represent reality for their analysis in the hope that those decisions made are satisfactory and not optimal decisions within the context of rationality of who They must make decisions (Kalyebara, Islam, n.d.) . Specific and concrete at each level to the lowest levels. The information required in all these decisions represents the point of departure for carrying out action s that will ultimately affect the performance of the organization Capital Structure of the Company The optimal capital structure is that for which the cost of capital is minimal: if the company is financed with this debt / equity ratio, the market value of the company will be maximum. Optimal financing structure e = Debt / Own Resources in practice is difficult to determine. Generally speaking, financing projects whose economic profitability exceeds the cost of the project itself will increase the shareholder's profitability in that difference (depending on the margin between the investment return and the cost of the debt). : It is necessary to see the project independently of the rest of the projects of the company. This approach, however, considers only the explicit cost of debt, that is to say, the derivative of comparing the revenues and disbursements originated by indebtedness. There are other costs apart from the explicit so that it diminishes the profitability of that project or even that it is negative. But the ability to borrow is not unlimited because if we borrow now, we will have to opt for more expensive debt or own financing in the future (Rasmussen, 2003). Therefore, the debt has an implicit cost: to finance itself today with debt, may mean having to give it up in the future. This is related to the formulation of the capital budget according to which the financing of a project has to be studied within the framework of the general and future situation of the company. That is why we speak of the weighted average cost of capital at the time of comparing with the profitability of a project: the project has to be taken into account as integrated into the company and not in isolation. You have to collect all the debts of the company and find the weighted average cost to match. Capital Budget is a tool used to carry out certain cost planning processes for companies, families, businesses, among others, which would produce certain economic benefits with terms stipulated within a year. The capital budget can also be defined as a valued list of projects which may be feasible for the acquisition of new economic benefits, that is to say, for example, when a company makes a capital investment it incurs the current cash outflow and this Expected future benefits, the benefits usually extend for more than a year (Vogt, 2004). Within the Capital budget we can find the following advantages: It supports the development of the procedure and / or purpose. It promotes interaction, communication and help between the areas of the company. They give common sense when making investment proposals. They serve to evaluate and choose a referential point of view. Within the capital budget we can also find the following disadvantages: It does not recognize the value of money over time. Your money recovery process is much slower than agreed. The way the parameter is set against which the recovery period of each project is compared to arrive at a decision (Shah, 2007).The fact that this method has these disadvantages does not mean that one should avoid its use in any circumstance that requires it, this means that they must be taken into account in order to make the best decision. The Advantages and Disadvantages of the capital budget The budget brings a number of advantages to the organization, being a planning tool. They include; Forces to plan the activities to be carried out in relation to the general plans and objectives. It indicates what should be done, who should do it, where it should be done, what resources should be used, and why it should be done (Hornstein, Yeung, 2005). Controls the use of resources, to have the least possible waste. Assign and formalize responsibilities. Help the coordination and cooperation of the people, so that the objectives of the company harmonize with those of its parts. Devises financial needs early in order to get them timely and on time. Allows control, in order to anticipate future changes and adaptations that may be needed and does not cause trauma. Capital Budget and the Operation of the Company The working capital of a company is what allows it to develop its social object, and of the administration that is made of it, it depends that the company grows at a greater or lesser speed, or in the worst case, that its assets are diminished or it leads to the definitive bankruptcy of the company(Nice, 2002). In such a way that the working capital is the basis on which the operation of a company is supported, which is why the importance of its administration will be exposed in this essay, the decisive and definitive one that can be in a business to manage and Budget correctly. Financial Projection and its Risks Most capital budget studies focus on the problems of calculation, analysis and interpretation of risk. One of the most important tasks in preparing a capital budget is to estimate the future cash flows for a project. The forecasts for these are based on estimates of incremental revenues and costs associated with the project (Hornstein, Yeung, 2005). In each investment proposal it is necessary to provide information on the expected future cash flows after taxes. For example, if a company is considering launching a new product that will compete with existing ones, it is not appropriate to express their cash flows based on their estimated sales. It is necessary to take into account the possible "affectation" of existing products; therefore, the estimation of cash flows should be made based on incremental sales. The key is to analyze the situation with the new investment and without it.The most important are incremental cash flows(Nice, 2002). The "sunk" costs should be omitted, the focus is on incremental costs and benefits; the recovery of past costs is of no importance to the project.. It is also important to note that certain costs do not necessarily mean a disbursement of money; it will be necessary to include the opportunity cost in the valuation of the project. The most important application of the cost of capital is the capital budget, in addition to serving to determine the decision or to buy or lease, for the repayment of bonds and in decisions to use debts or stockholders' equity. It is possible to fully fund a company with equity funds, which must be equal to the required return on the stockholders' equity of the company, and must consider their cost of capital from various sources of long-term funds (preferred shares or debt In the long term) and not only the stockholders' equity of the company.. The weighted average cost of capital is calculated as a compound value, made up of the various types of funds you will use, regardless of the specific financing for a project. Capital components are the type of capital companies use to raise funds (debts, preferred shares and common stockholders' equity), any increase in assets is reflected in any of these capital components. The cost of post-tax debt is the interest rate on new debt and is used to calculate the weighted average cost of capital (Baker, English, 2011). Costs components of debt after tax = interest rate - tax savings (interest is deductible), is used because the value of the shares depends on the cash flows after tax. The component cost of preferred shares is also used to calculate the weighted average cost of capital; it is the rate of return that investors require and is equal to dividing the preferred dividend. References Baker, H., English, P. (2011).Capital Budgeting Valuation(1st ed.). Somerset: Wiley. Bierman, H., Smidt, S. (2007).The capital budgeting decision(1st ed.). New York: Routledge. Blackstone, William, and Edward Christian.Commentaries On The Laws Of England. [Place of publication not identified]: [Nabu Press], 2010. Print. Capital Budgeting Valuation. (2013) (1st ed.). Hoboken, N.J. Donovan, S. (2006).Budgeting(1st ed.). Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co. Hornstein, A., Yeung, B. (2005).Essays on the corporate capital budgeting decisions of multinational enterprises(1st ed.). Jacobs, Davina F.A Review Of Capital Budgeting Practices. Washington: International Monetary Fund, 2008. Print. Kalyebara, B., Islam, S.Corporate Governance, Capital Markets, and Capital Budgeting(1st ed.). Nice, D. (2002).Public budgeting(1st ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/ Thomson Learning. Rasmussen, N. (2003).Process improvement for effective budgeting and financial reporting(1st ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Shah, A. (2007).Local budgeting(1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Vogt, A. (2004).Capital budgeting and finance(1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: International City/County Management Association.