Definition and Examples of Regionalisms in English

Definition and Examples of Regionalisms in English Regionalism is aâ linguistic term for a word, articulation, or elocution supported by speakers in a specific geographic territory. Numerous regionalisms [in the U.S.] are relics, notes R.W. Burchfield: words brought over from Europe, essentially the British Isles, and safeguarded in some zone either in light of the duration of more established lifestyles in these areas, or on the grounds that a specific kind of Englishâ was early settled and has not been completely overlaid or sabotaged (Studies in Lexicography, 1987). By and by, lingo articulations and regionalisms regularly cover, however the terms are not indistinguishable. Dialectsâ tend to be related with gatherings of individuals whileâ regionalisms areâ associated with geology. Various regionalisms can be found inside a specific tongue. The biggest and most legitimate assortment of regionalisms in American English is the six-volume Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), distributed somewhere in the range of 1985 and 2013. The advanced version of DARE was propelled in 2013.â Historical background From the Latin, to ruleExamples and Observations The accompanying definitions were adjusted from the Dictionary of American Regional English.flannel cakeâ (n) A pancake. (Usage: Appalachians)flea in ones earâ (n) An indication, cautioning, disturbing exposure; a rebuke. (Usage: primarily the Northeast)mulligrubsâ (n) A state of melancholy or bad mood; an ambiguous or fanciful unwellness. (Usage: dissipated, however particularly the South)nebbyâ (adj) Snoopy, inquisitive. (Usage: essentially Pennsylvania)pungleâ (v) To dish out; to plunk down (cash); to pay up. (Usage: mainly West)say-soâ (n) A frozen yogurt cone. (Usage: scattered)(Celeste Headlee, Regional Dictionary Tracks The Funny Things We Say. End of the week Edition on National Public Radio, June 14, 2009) Pop versus Pop In the [American] South it’s called Coke, in any event, when it’s Pepsi. Numerous in Boston state tonic. A not very many even request a bubbly beverage. Be that as it may, the discussion between those soda pop equivalents is an etymological undercard in the nation’s carbonated war of words. The genuine fight: pop versus pop. (J. Straziuso, Pop versus Soft drink Debate. Related Press, September 12, 2001) Interstate In Delaware, an interstate alludes to any roadway, yet in Florida, a freeway is a cost street. (T. Boyle, The Gremlins of Grammar. McGraw-Hill, 2007) Sack and Poke Sack and jab were both initially territorial terms for pack. Sack has since become a Standard expression like pack, yet jab stays local, for the most part in South Midland Regional lingo. (Kenneth Wilson, The Columbia Guide to Standard American English, 1993) Regionalism in England What some call a move, others call a bun, or a cob, or a bap, or a bannock, while in different regions [of England] more than one of these words is utilized with various implications for each.(Peter Trudgill, The Dialects of England. Wiley, 1999)How do you make your tea? On the off chance that you originate from Yorkshire you most likely ‘mash’ it, however individuals dressed in Cornwall are bound to ‘steep’ it or ‘soak’ it and southerners frequently ‘wet’ their tea.(Leeds Reporter, March 1998) Word reference of American Regional English (DARE) As boss editorial manager of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), a gigantic exertion to gather and record neighborhood contrasts in American English, I go through my days inquiring about the incalculable instances of local words and expressions and attempting to follow their causes. Propelled in 1965 at the University of Wisconsinâ€Madison, the venture depends on a large number of meetings, papers, government records, books, letters, and journals. . . .[E]ven as we close to the end goal, I experience a typical misperception: individuals assume that American English has gotten homogenized, making the word reference an index of contrasts since a long time ago leveled out by media, business, and populace shifts. There’s a trace of validity to that. Certain provincial terms have been debilitated by business impacts, as Subway’s sub sandwich, which is by all accounts snacking ceaselessly at saint, hoagie, and processor. It’s likewise obvious that ou tsiders will in general converse with one another in a fairly homogeneous jargon, and that more Americans are moving ceaselessly from their etymological homes as they move for school, work, or love.But DARE’s look into shows that American English is as shifted as could be. The language is broadened by movement, obviously, yet in addition people’s artistic freedom and the strong idea of nearby lingos. We have many approaches to allude to a remote spot, for example, including the boonies, the sticks, the tules, the puckerbrush, and the willywags. The famous town blockhead, in such a spot, may at present be portrayed as unfit to convey guts to a hold up under or spill piss out of a boot. On the off chance that his condition is impermanent, a Southerner may call him swimmy-headed, which means lightheaded. Furthermore, if his house is filthy, a Northeasterner may call it skeevy, an adjustment of schifare, the Italian action word to disgust.As these models propose, the regio nalisms that continue are frequently not those we gain from books or educators or papers; they are the words we use with loved ones, the expressions we’ve known always and never addressed until somebody from away commented on them. (Joan Houston Hall, How to Speak American. Newsweek, August 9, 2010) Regionalisms in the American South Jargon is . . . strikingly extraordinary in different pieces of the South. No place yet in the Deep South is the Indian-inferred bobbasheely, which William Faulkner utilized in The Reivers, utilized for a dear companion, and just in Northern Maryland does manniporchia (from the Latin madness a potu, insanity from drink) [mean] the D.T.s (daze tremens). Little tomatoes would be called tommytoes in the mountains (tommy-toes in East Texas, serving of mixed greens tomatoes in the fields territory, and cherry tomatoes along the coast). Contingent upon where you are in the South, an enormous yard can be a veranda, piazza, or exhibition; a burlap pack can be a tow sack, crocus sack, or grass sack; hotcakes can be flittercakes, squanders, corncakes, or battercakes; a harmonica can be a mouth organ or french harp; a storeroom can be a storage room or a storage; and a wishbone can be a wishbone or pulley bone. There are several equivalent words for a stick peach (green peach, pickle peach, and so forth.), encouraging wood (lightning wood, lit bunches) and a country inhabitant (snuff chewer, kicker, yahoo). (Robert Hendrickson, The Facts on File Dictionary of American Regionalisms. Realities on File, 2000) Elocution: REE-juh-na-LIZ-um